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Margot Kushel, MD, a professor of medicine at University of California San Francisco, who leads the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, also said there’s little evidence of correlation between mental health and homelessness. Instead, she said the places with highest homelessness have a split population of high earners who can afford to pay housing costs, and those who can’t, competing for a limited supply of housing. Think: San Francisco. Dr. Kushel recently conducted a study in which researchers approached the 400 most chronically homeless people in Santa Clara and offered them a permanent home. All but one said yes.

When pandemic aid programs begin expiring at the end of September, advocates worry that San Francisco’s most vulnerable homeless women will once again be left behind. Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, discussed the rate of violence impacting homeless seniors, women, and transgender people. After two decades of studying high rates of assault and the health impacts of homelessness, she has watched Bay Area seniors placed into hotels during the pandemic transform, to the point where staff didn’t recognize some of them. “It’s been a life-changing experience,” Dr. Kushel said. “When people regain housing, everything gets better.”

California's Project Homekey is a big step in creating needed new subsidized housing for the state’s more than 161,000 homeless residents, but homelessness policy experts, service providers, and others are only cautiously optimistic about it. Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, explained that in the rush to house people quickly, there's also the risk of leaving out people who need housing the most. People who have been homeless for years will need the most help transitioning into housing. In addition, Dr. Kushel said, “It has been so hard to separate the homelessness crisis from all of the impacts of structural racism.”

The Bay Area Council released a report stating that it would take $11.8 billion to get every unhoused person in the Bay Area off the streets. Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, who advised on the report, said, "One thing that’s great is for people to have an honest conversation about what homelessness would really cost to end. Maybe that way we won’t just constantly criticize efforts being made, which have never been scaled to address the problem, which has existed for 40 years." Dr. Kushel dates the beginning of modern homelessness to Ronald Reagan’s decimation of poverty programs in his first years as president.

A proposal to spend $12 billion to end homelessness in California is "a really good start, but can't be the end," said Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative. Project Homekey was remarkable because of how it was approved and running just months after it was announced. But solving homelessness is not possible without addressing housing affordability, which is pushing thousands of Californians onto the street each year. “That’s fundamentally at the heart of the problem,” Dr. Kushel said.

Recent studies have highlighted how the pandemic has eroded an already frayed safety net for young people experiencing homelessness. Colette Auerswald, MD, a professor at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health and UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative noted that young people from marginalized communities are more likely to face structural failings that lead to homelessness.

In California during the pandemic, Project Homekey has created housing for people experiencing homelessness by purchasing hotels and converting them to housing. Each room is life changing to a degree that almost no other intervention can provide. In long-term studies of homeless people who have moved to permanent housing, Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness Initiative has found that basically every determinant of health improves.

Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, was interviewed about how the shortage of housing in California is structural problem for a state that has the largest population of people experiencing homelessness in the country. Dr. Kushel also described how sanctioned encampments have been somewhat controversial.

Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, discussed how the Johnson & Johnson vaccine has been popular among homeless and low-income populations as it requires people to come in for only one shot. She said she understands the need to pause its use to probe the risks but hopes it will be cleared for use again soon. “We heard loud and clear from the community that only having to come in once is a big advantage,” she said. “But transparency and safety are important.”

Margot Kushel, MD, director of the UCSF Benioff Homelessness and Housing Initiative, was quoted regarding the success of Project Roomkey, which could become a model for future efforts to aid the estimated 150,000 homeless people in California. “It’s been a tremendous success,” Dr. Kushel said. “I do think that at the end of the day, it will become clear that this is the main reason we had fewer horrendous outcomes of people who were homeless.”